Engelska

First-order Logic [Bok / Häftad]

Understanding and Using Advanced Statistics is a comprehensive, practical guide for postgraduate students advising how and when to use more advanced statistical methods. Perfect for students without a mathematical background, the authors refresh important basics such as descriptive statistics and research design as well as introducing essential upper-level techniques to cater for the advanced student. Key Features:- Comprehensive guide informing how to use a range of advanced statistical methods such as MANOVA, path analysis and logistical regression;- Inter-disciplinary: ideal for students studying upper level statistical methods in any subject across the social sciences;- Practical guide: case studies, further reading, key terms explained in order to help the non-mathematically orientated student get ahead with their research. Building on undergraduate statistical grounding, Understanding and Using Advanced Statistics provides the upper-level researcher with the knowledge of what advanced statistics do, how they should be used, and what their output means.

The paper is about formalizing methodological skepticism as a Bayesian updater, it is shown that the weakest coherent formal system, by ordinal analysis, is equivalent in strength to the formal system containing intuitionistic logic and finitist set theory, as the formal system containing them is able to construct a linear bounded automaton that can compute discrete Bayesian inference.

Factfulness meets How to Be Right in this major new book from globally bestselling economist Tim Harford'Tim Harford is our most likeable champion of reason and rigour... clear, clever and always highly readable' Times Books of the Year 'If you aren't in love with stats before reading this book, you will be by the time you're done. Powerful, persuasive, and in these truth-defying times, indispensable'Caroline Criado Perez, author of Invisible Women'Nobody makes the statistics of everyday life more fascinating and enjoyable than Tim Harford'Bill Bryson'Fabulously readable, lucid, witty and authoritative . . . <br/><br/>Every politician and journalist should be made to read this book, but everyone else will get so much pleasure and draw so much strength from the joyful way it dispels the clouds of deceit and delusion' Stephen Fry'Wise, humane and, above all, illuminating. Nobody is better on statistics and numbers - and how to make sense of them'Matthew Syed"One of the most wonderful collections of stories that I have read in a long time... fascinating."Stephen Levitt, co-author of FreakonomicsTHE SUNDAY TIMES BUSINESS BESTSELLERWhen was the last time you read a grand statement, accompanied by a large number, and wondered whether it could really be true? Statistics are vital in helping us tell stories - we see them in the papers, on social media, and we hear them used in everyday conversation - and yet we doubt them more than ever. But numbers - in the right hands - have the power to change the world for the better. <br/><br/>Contrary to popular belief, good statistics are not a trick, although they are a kind of magic. Good statistics are not smoke and mirrors; in fact, they help us see more clearly. Good statistics are like a telescope for an astronomer, a microscope for a bacteriologist, or an X-ray for a radiologist. If we are willing to let them, good statistics help us see things about the world around us and about ourselves - both large and small - that we would not be able to see in any other way. In How to Make the World Add Up, Tim Harford draws on his experience as both an economist and presenter of the BBC's radio show 'More or Less'. He takes us deep into the world of disinformation and obfuscation, bad research and misplaced motivation to find those priceless jewels of data and analysis that make communicating with numbers worthwhile. Harford's characters range from the art forger who conned the Nazis to the stripper who fell in love with the most powerful congressman in Washington, to famous data detectives such as John Maynard Keynes, Daniel Kahneman and Florence Nightingale. <br/><br/>He reveals how we can evaluate the claims that surround us with confidence, curiosity and a healthy level of scepticism. Using ten simple rules for understanding numbers - plus one golden rule - this extraordinarily insightful book shows how if we keep our wits about us, thinking carefully about the way numbers are sourced and presented, we can look around us and see with crystal clarity how the world adds up.

An instant New York Times Bestseller! "Unreasonably entertaining....reveals how geometric thinking can allow for everything from fairer American elections to better pandemic planning." - The New York Times   <br/><br/>From the New York Times-bestselling author of How Not to Be Wrong-himself a world-class geometer-a far-ranging exploration of the power of geometry, which turns out to help us think better about practically everything. <br/><br/>How should a democracy choose its representatives? How can you stop a pandemic from sweeping the world? How do computers learn to play Go, and why is learning Go so much easier for them than learning to read a sentence? Can ancient Greek proportions predict the stock market? (Sorry, no.) What should your kids learn in school if they really want to learn to think? All these are questions about geometry. For real. If you're like most people, geometry is a sterile and dimly remembered exercise you gladly left behind in the dust of ninth grade, along with your braces and active romantic interest in pop singers.<br/><br/>If you recall any of it, it's plodding through a series of miniscule steps only to prove some fact about triangles that was obvious to you in the first place. That's not geometry. Okay, it is geometry, but only a tiny part, which has as much to do with geometry in all its flush modern richness as conjugating a verb has to do with a great novel. <br/><br/>Shape reveals the geometry underneath some of the most important scientific, political, and philosophical problems we face. Geometry asks: Where are things? Which things are near each other? How can you get from one thing to another thing? Those are important questions. The word "geometry"comes from the Greek for "measuring the world." If anything, that's an undersell. Geometry doesn't just measure the world-it explains it. Shape shows us how.

How does a delivery driver distribute hundreds of packages in a single working day? Why does remote Alaska have such a large airport? Where should we look for elusive serial killers? The answers lie in the crucial connection between maps and maths.<br/><br/>In <i>Mapmatics</i>, Dr Paulina Rowinska embarks on a fascinating journey to discover the mathematical foundations of cartography and cartographical influences on mathematics. From a sixteenth-century map that remains an indispensable navigation tool despite emphasizing the North-South divide, and maps of voting districts that can empower or silence whole communities, to public transport maps that both guide and mislead passengers, she reveals how maps and maths shape not only our sense of space and time but also our worldview.<br/><br/>Through entertaining stories, surprising real-world examples and a cast of unforgettable characters, <i>Mapmatics</i> helps us to appreciate the mathematical methods and ideas behind maps. And, by illuminating how our world works, leaves us better equipped to understand and look after it.

<strong>From the codebreakers and problem solvers, to the engineers, mathematicians and other problem-solvers - what the secret world can teach us about performance and creativity </strong> <br/><br/>How do you hire smart people who can work together to prevent terrorist attacks and decode encrypted technology? <br/><br/>How do you come up with creative, counterintuitive solutions to solve major global problems? <br/><br/>How do you provide the right environment for these people to thrive and work at their best when under immense pressure? <br/><br/>Written by <strong>Robert Hannigan</strong>, the former Director of GCHQ, this book explores the role of the counter-intelligence services in history and today's world - from the codebreakers and problem solvers, to innovation and creativity, secrecy and transparency and the global tech community. It will trace the history of counter-intelligence - from the early days of Bletchley Park, to the ongoing work of GCHQ - while reflecting on some of the unique characteristics of the engineers, mathematicians and other problem-solvers that make up the world's intelligence community. <br/><br/>An exhaustive and authoritative account of the history of counter-intelligence from Bletchley Park to modern day GCHQ, this brilliant and unique book will appeal to business readers, history readers and fans of smart thinking and big ideas around the world.